20 Sep Tactical Evolution in LaLiga: What Can Professional Football Coaches Learn?
In football, tactics are crucial for achieving success in competition. A recent study analyzed the evolution of tactical formations (TF) in Spain’s LaLiga from the 2012 to the 2021 seasons. This research is of great value for coaches looking to adapt their strategies to the ever-changing pace of modern football. Let’s translate these findings into practical and applicable concepts for the day-to-day work of professional football coaches.
Key Findings: How Tactics Have Changed in LaLiga
Most Popular Formations: From 4-2-3-1 to 4-4-2
During the first five seasons studied (2012-2017), the most used formation was the 4-2-3-1. However, from the 2017-2018 season onwards, the 4-4-2 formation gained popularity, becoming the most employed system until the 2020-2021 season. This shift reflects a trend towards more balanced and defensive tactics, likely aimed at improving defensive security and match control.
Stability of Classic Formations
The 4-3-3 and 4-5-1 formations showed relatively stable trends over the analyzed period. These systems remain viable options, though they have been less frequently used than the 4-4-2 in recent seasons.
More Attackers, Fewer Midfielders
Another significant change was the decrease in the use of formations with five midfielders, in favor of those with two forwards. This suggests a more offensive approach by many teams, aiming to create more goal-scoring opportunities. Formations with only one forward, such as the 4-5-1, also declined in frequency, indicating a general trend towards greater offensive power in teams.
Strategies of Top Teams
Champion teams and those that qualified for the Champions League used the 4-3-3 formation more frequently, highlighting its offensive nature. In contrast, teams that qualified for the Europa League or were relegated to the second division used the 4-2-3-1 more often, a more conservative and defensive tactic.
Practical Applications for Training and Competition
Adapting the Formation to the Team’s Strengths
Choosing a formation depends not only on the opponent but also on the skills of your players. Teams with technically superior players tend to use the 4-3-3 formation, as it allows for an offensive style with more ball control and passing precision. If your team has a strong attacking line, this could be an excellent option.
Greater Tactical Flexibility
The study shows that tactical variety has increased in recent years. Don’t limit yourself to just one formation; the ability to adapt your system based on the match’s needs is crucial. For example, the 4-2-3-1 offers a balance between attack and defense, while the 4-4-2 can strengthen the defensive line if your team needs more protection.
Efficient Use of Space and Energy
Formations like the 4-4-2 not only provide a more defensive structure but also allow players to cover less ground, resulting in less physical strain. This can be particularly useful if your team faces a series of matches in a short period or if you are managing the workload of key players.
Leveraging Modern Defensive Trends
In recent years, formations with three or five defenders, such as the 5-3-2 or 5-4-1, have been more commonly used by teams fighting to avoid relegation. These tactics allow for more players to group in defense, which can be useful if your goal is to maintain a clean sheet. Don’t hesitate to implement these strategies if your team is in a tough spot.
Conclusion
The evolution of tactics in LaLiga demonstrates that coaches must be flexible and adapt to the changes in modern football. The study suggests that more offensive formations, like the 4-3-3, are key for successful teams, while more defensive tactics, such as the 4-2-3-1 or 5-3-2, can be valuable for teams with fewer resources or in defensive situations.
For coaches, the key lies in understanding the strengths and weaknesses of their team and adapting tactics accordingly. This analysis will help you choose the right formations not only to win matches but also to manage player energy and maximize performance.
The full study can be found here: https://doi.org/10.5114/jhk/167468.