Author: Dr. López del Campo

Introduction In football, age is often associated with experience, tactical awareness, and leadership. Yet, as players mature, questions persist about how much age truly affects physical performance during matches. A large-scale, longitudinal study conducted with LaLiga data across four consecutive seasons (2015/16–2018/19) provides clear evidence: Match running performance...

Plain-English summary with practical takeaways for first-team staff When you face a strong opponent, your team tends to cover more distance with the ball—including more high-speed running with possession (>21 km·h⁻¹). Against weaker opponents, in LaLiga (First Division) teams typically rack up more distance without the...

Heatmaps are everywhere in modern football analysis—from coaching staff to TV broadcasts. But how accurate are they, and does it matter whether they come from event data (passes, shots, duels) or tracking data (player positions every second)? This study compared both approaches in 60 LaLiga...